Bash is an interpreter that runs in a command-line interface and is commonly used by developers, data scientists, network engineers, system administrators, and hobbyists. It is a great tool for increasing productivity and automating remedial tasks.
The first line of a Bash script is known as the shebang. This is where you set a convention that you will follow throughout your script.
Git hooks are one of the unsung heroes of version control; they can protect your codebase from silly mistakes, automate manual processes, gather data about Git activity and more. Git comes with a dozen of them, but it is easy to create and install more using simple scripting.
These client-side hooks are invoked by lower-level Git commands, such as git merge and git rebase. The post-merge hook is called after a merge operation and can be used to restore information about the working tree that Git cannot track, such as permissions data. The pre-push hook is run when git push updates the remote repository, and it can be used to validate a set of ref updates; if it exits non-zero, pushing will abort.
The prepare-commit-msg hook runs before a commit is made, and it can be used to modify the proposed commit message. Git lets the user edit the commit message after this hook finishes, so it's not an ideal way to enforce a committing policy.
When you mention bash scripting to any tech admin or developer, you'll likely get a nod of approval or a rousing "Been there, done that." This is an incredibly useful programming tool that should not be overlooked.
GUIs for Git may be great tools for newcomers to the platform but once a team grows, it is a good idea to familiarize yourself with the raw Git commands. By using a Bash script, you can automate many of the Git processes that are time-consuming and repetitive.
To create a script, open up your favorite text editor and start a new file. Then, type in the following code:
Git rebase allows developers to integrate changes from one branch onto another. Unlike merge, rebase does not produce a single commit with two parent commits, but rather it executes the changes on top of a new base commit.
The -i or --interactive option allows developers to interactively edit the commit history during the rebase process. This can be helpful in splitting commits, squashing multiple commits into one, and editing commit messages.
To begin an interactive rebase, run git rebase -i commit>, where commit> is the first commit you want to split. Then, when you're done with the edits you need to make, rebase again. After rebasing, your current HEAD will be reset to upstream> or newbase> depending on the option you specified with --onto. However, your index will remain the same as before the rebase was started. This will allow you to use git add and git gui to apply the changes in your working tree, just as you did before the rebase was executed.
Git is a collaboration tool that makes it easy to share and work together with others on a project. However, working with Git can be a little confusing at first because it uses branches and remote repositories.
One of the most important commands to master when working with Git is git pull. This command allows you to synchronize your local branch with the current state of a remote repository.
Scripts are a powerful tool that can be used to automate many different aspects of Git. However, there are a few things you should know before using these scripts to automate your Git workflow.
Git hooks are shell scripts that run before or after specific Git actions. They are registered in the hidden.git/hooks directory and can trigger customizable actions in your workflow. There are several types of hooks, and you can learn more about them by reading the man githooks command. The following variables are set when a hook script is executed:
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